Judea

Judea, located between Samaria to the north and the Negev to the south, is a mountainous region that was the heart of the Jewish homeland in ancient times. It is characterized by a limestone plateau, with altitudes reaching up to 1,000 meters, and a Mediterranean climate that favors limited vegetation.
Historically, Judea was the territory of the tribe of Judah and underwent several phases of domination, including the Iron Age kingdom of Judah, followed by the Persian province of Yehud Medinata, and later by the Hasmonean and Herodian dynasties. From 6 A.D., Judea became a Roman province, marking the end of its autonomy.
In 135, Emperor Hadrian changed the name of the province of Judea to Syria Palaestina («Syria-Palestine»), following the failure of the Jewish revolt of Bar Kokhba against Roman rule.