Bible, History, Archaeology

Bible,
History,
Archaeology

The Roman soldier's weapons

According to Ephesians 6:11-18

A legionnaire in the Roman army is a Roman citizen with full military equipment. If his equipment is incomplete, he is a velite. The Roman army was renowned for its discipline and tenacity, which were largely achieved through rewards, but also through sometimes severe punishments. Renewed training with each annual conscription ensures a sound military education. These qualities enabled Roman soldiers to conquer the Mediterranean world.

A Roman soldier from the 1st century AD
1. The apostle Paul gives a more precise definition in 1 Thessalonians 5:8: it is the helmet of the hope of salvation.
2. The apostle Paul gives a more precise definition in 1 Thessalonians 5:8: it's about the breastplate of the righteousness of faith.
3. In Greek, there are two words for shield. The shield in question here is the large rectangular Roman shield that protects the whole body. In ancient warfare, arrows coated with pitch and resin were used, especially in sieges, and ignited as they were fired. Roman legionaries received them on their large shields.

Vespasian issues a coin for his victory in Judea.
Aureus, Rome, circa 71 A.D.
Obverse :
IMP [erator] CAES[ar]
VESPAS[ianus] AVG [ustus].
Laurel head to the right.
Revers :
DE IUDAEIS
About Judea.
Trophy of armor pieces from a Roman soldier.
Image © DR.

Below: a 3D illustration of a Roman army ready for battle. Jaedeok-Kim-Rome.